This study examines the rules of civil liability of contractors and engineers which is in breach of the rules of civil responsibility. On the one hand, the decennial liability in building construction is a departure from the general rule that the delivery without reservation terminate the contract, where the contractor and engineer will remain responsible for the total or partial destruction of buildings constructed during ten years from the date of delivery of the building. On the other hand, this responsibil- ity is closely relating to public order, assumed, has a specific time, and only relates to a particular type of damage and between a certain category of persons. As well, this study showed also the different opinion of legal nature of decennial liability in order to find out the legal basis on which it rests whether this basis is in a contract or a harmful act or law. The study is focusing finally on the provisions and implications of decennial liability and its terms and scope of application. It specifically pointes out the civil penalty: compensation of the building owner for any damages caused during the execution and ten years after the delivering.